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N. M. BE'RNARDI. SCREW WRENCH IN wmcn N0 DE'TRIMENTM. PLAY CAN OBTAIN.

v APPLICATION FILED JUNE 13,1917.

' Patented Au .-1 9,1919.

8 SHEETS-SHEET l.

THE COLUMBlA PLANOGRAPH c0.. wASmmnon, n. c.

'N. M. BERNARDI. scmzw WRENCH m wmcn N0 DETRIME'NTAL PLAYMCAN 0mm.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE I3. 1911.

Patented Ailg. 19,1919.

8 SHEETS-SHEET 2- 22; a

llll lllmfillllllll -Illll IFI IIIIII ll N. M. BERNARD].

SCREW WRENCH IN WHI,CH N0 DETRIMENTAL PLAY CAN OBTAIN.

' APPUCAHON HLEDJUNEI3.I9IL 1,313,575. Patented Aug. 19, 1919,

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v APPLICATION FILED JUNE I3. I91].

Patented Aug. 19, 1919.

- 8 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

mm a L .6 b 2 WM Ty a I 1 "0 W M In no 2 2 U f W M d N. M. BERNARDI. SCREW WRENCH IN WHICH N0 DETRIIVIENTAL PLAY CAN OBTAIN.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE I3, 1917.

Patented Aug. 19, 1919.

TSSHEET 5.

8 SHEE nIwL J I w WM HHLH W M WWW L W I I r IL J Lmfi 7 HHHI IH 8 a m N D T a m m w o c H p A R a O N A L p M B M u 0 c. E 7H N. M. BERNARDI.

SCREW WRENCH IN WHICH N0 DETRIMENTAL PLAY CAN OBTAIN.

' APPLICATION FILED JUNE 13,1911.

1,313,575. I Patented Aug. 19,1919.

N. M. BERNARDI.

SCREW WRENCH IN WHICH NO DETRIMENJAL PLAY CAN OBTAIN.

Patented Aug. 19, 1919.

B SHEETSSHEET 7- APPLICATION FILED IUNE13, 19H.

N.. M. BERNARDI. r SCREW WRENCH IN WHICH N0 DETRIMENTAL PLAY CAN OBTMN;

APPLICATION FILED'JUNE I3. 1917.

' Patented Aug. 1 9, 1919.

B SHEETS-SHEET 8.

THE COLUMBIA I'LANUURAI'II c0.. WASHINGTON. n. c.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

NERI MARTINI BERNARDLOF FLORENCE, ITALY.

SCREW-WRENCH IN WHICH N0 DETRIMEN'DAL PLAY CAN'OZBTAIN'.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, NERI MARTINI BER- NARDI, subject of the Kingdom of Italy, residing at Florence,Italy, haveinvented new and useful Improvements in Screw- Wrenches, in which no Detrimental Play Can Obtain, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to that class of wrenches provided with a stationary jaw and a sliding jaw.

object of m invention is to provide means, whereby t e sliding jaw will be, on operation, firmly, rapidly and durably blocked in position.

To this effect, the means I propose consists essentially of tapered blocks capable of being rapidly, materially and frictionally counteracted relative to any dangerous play of the sliding jaw: e

The inventioncomprises, in addition, new arrangements ofparts as will be fully described hereafter. 1

In the annexed drawings are illustrated several'forms of construction of my invention.

Figure 1 is an elevational side view, partly in section of a first form of construction of the improved nut-wrench.

Fig. 2 is an elevational front View of the same. i

Fig. 3 represents a section on line 33 of Fig.1. i j i Fig. 4 represents a section on line4- 4= of Fig. '1." 3

Fig. 5 is an elevational side view'of a sec- 0nd form of construction of my nut wrench.

j as

- Fig. 22x45 a Fig. 6 is a sectional front view of the same. i e

Fig. 7 represents a section on line 7.7 of Fig.5. I 4 Figs. 8, 9', 10 represent in the same way as Figs. 4c, 5, 6 1a third'form of construction of my improved wrench.

Fig. 11 is a sectional view taken on the line 1111 of Fig. '8.

Figs. 12, 13, 14, 1'5, 16, 17 represent details of modifiedparts of my wrench. Fig. 18 is an elevational side view, partly in section of ,a'fourth form of construction.

Fig. 19 is an elevational front view of same. I I f Figs. 20 and 21 represent in elevation and plan-view a detail of said fourth form.

Fig. 194

Specification of Letters Patent.

section on. line 22--22' of Patented Aug. 19, 1919.

Application filed June 13, 1917. Serial 1T0. 174,464.

Fig. 23 is a section on line 2323 of Fig. 19. I

Figs. 24 and 25 represent in elevation and plan-view a-modified form of the detail as shown in Figs. 20 and 21.

Fig. 26 is'a side sectional view of a fifth form of construction of the wrench.

'Fig. 27 is a front sectional view of the same. I I V Fig. 28 represents a plan view of the stationary jaw in said fifth form of construction.

Fig. 29 represents a section on line 29-29 of Fig. 26.

Fig. 30 represents a section on line 30- 30 of Fig. 26.

Fig. 31 is a side view, partly in section of a sixth form of construction of the wrench. i

Fig. 32 is a side sectional view of a seventh form of construction of the improved wrench.

Fig. 33 is a front sectional view of same. Fig. 3 1 is a section on line 34.-341 of Fig. 32.

Like reference numerals represent similar parts throughout the drawings.

Referring first to the form of construction represented in the Figs. 1-23-4, the wrench comprises a stationary jaw' a and a slidable jaw b, said jaw a being fixed to the end of a shank W, said slidable jaw. 72 being slida'bly fitted on said shankand guided by one or'two wedges 0, (ll-forming the ends of a fork Z, conveniently arranged on said shank, byway of two branches fitted in grooves m recessed 'alongthe back and front walls ofthe shank.

- Fork 1, beingthus capable of reciprocating on the wrench-shank, is provided with a governing spindle havlng a thread it and a thread 9, thread It being screwed to the shank and thread g being screwed to the head of fork Z. The spindle may be rotated by hand, through a handle or the like, fastened to the outer end of sald spmdle by means of a pin In operation,.the stat1onary aw a, bemg set against a face of the nut,,jaw b will be brought, by hand, against the oppositeface. On rotating the spindle 71., g, the shank n and the fork will be-relatively moved where by the Wedges c -0Z will be forced between the jaw and shank, thus securing a tight. and durable hold of the nut. Iii-the form er construction represented in Figs. 5, 6, 7, besidFs the blockin' means, there are arranged setting means or a fine adjustment of the wrench. j

The wrench comprises a stationary jaw 1 and a slidable jaw 4;, said slidable jaw being guided on the ribs 5 of the shank 2 and offering tapered sockets to the wedge-like ends 13, 14 of a fork 12. The jaw-body 4: is connected by a pivot 8 to one end of a rack 7,- said rack being slidably located in a slot -6, said slot formed in one side of the shank 2. Rack 7 is worked by means of a worm 9 pivoted and carried 'by a side plate I 10, which, together with side plate 11, is arranged laterally of the middle wrench-portion and forms with the sides of the shank 2"thenece's'sa1'y1 grooves for the guidance of fork 12.

y The shank 2 has a threaded end 3 screwed to .an. internally threaded sleeve 16, said sleeve being provided with a muff-like handle 15 and fitted in a hub-like head, 17 of the fork 12; the sleevebein longitudinally rendered immovable relative to the fork by a locking screw clearly shown in Fig.- 6. In operation, a preliminary adjustment of the wrench is secured by rotating, by haiid,-' worm 9; whereupon the further and final setting of the jaws is caused by the rotation of muff-handle 15, which forces-jaw l toward'jaw 4'; a tight holdof the nut being thus secured;

The form of construction given in. Figs. 8, 9, 10 and 11, represents a slight modification of the previously described types.

The 'constructionxof jaw 1, shank-2 and screw 3 ren1ains unaltered. The two wedges 13 and 14 form part of a casing 18 -for the shank 2.. Atits lower portion, said casing widens so asito enable the attachment, by.

means'of screws 19 or the like,- of a socket 20, within which plays a sleeve 16 fastened to a handle 23 by means of a nut 21' and key 22. I In-such wrench-form, the .jaw 4:.isset by rotating the handle 23, thus moving the casing 18 toward the jaw 4: and thereby causing the wedges 13 and 1% to lock the jaw 4:, as will be understoodi Of course even such type might be provided with aracking' device as described above. p F

In order to avoid an unnecessary play of the sliding jaw,.a.sfpring -24, lodgedin a recess of thej'aw body,may be "provided. v

The blocking wedges may beforinedseparate-1y" from ,the easing. "18- and vmounted thereon-as shown inFig; 12.;501', as shown in 13'14: take the form of cone-portions or,-as.

shown in Figs..16 and 17, the blocking device may take the form of a whole cone as shown in detail by Figs. 16 and 17. In forms of these kinds a guiding slot should be provided, as, for example, shown in Figs.- 15 and 17.. Referring now to the form of construction represented in Figs. 18, 19, 20, 21, 22 and 23, thewrench has a round shank 2 provided with longitudinal groove 29. Jaw 4:0 bears a projection 41, WlllOlliBIltBI'S partially the groove 29 and forms the guiding means 27 of the jaw. A small stop-spring 4:2 is located in the back portion of said projec- 1101141.

The cavity of the sliding jaw-body is conical in form and receives a blocking-cone 3O the portion 36 are a holding cap 37 and a fastening nut 39, the former keyed as shown at 38.

' The operation of suchform of wrench is effected by manually turning sleeve 35 as already set forth in the description of other forms.

,In Figs; 24: and 25, representing in elevation and plan a modified form of the con struction of Figs. 20 and 21, the shank 2 is shown as having a pair of wedge blocks 43. and 44k; in Fig. 25 the sleeve 35 of Fig. 19 beingillustrated in place on the cylindrical lower portion of shank 2.

In the form of construction of the Figs. 26,27, 28, 29 and 30, a sleeve 28 extends the whole length of the wrench and is internally threaded and is screwed to an externally threaded .POI'tlOILflG formed on the lower end of a shank 2 carrying-the fixed jaw 1, a cap 51, secured in place by a pin 52, closing the lower end of sleeve 28'. Thesliding jaw cavity is preferably conical,to receive the slotted conical blocking piece 30?. i There are guiding slots29 in shank 2 to receive flatprojections 17' and 48 of the movable jaw-body ed. A spring 49 forms, with a slide-piece 50 working on the back of jaw 1, -a frictional' connection between jaw 1 and 1aw40, in order to prevent an undesired slippingof jaw .40 along shank'2,when the Wedge 30 is being loosened.

- The form of Fig. 31 is a slight modification of form Fi 27. The sleeve 28 is shortened and sha 2 is prolonged beyond the threadedportion 46.

In the form of construction given in Figs. 32, 33 and 34:, the wedges 13. and 1a are pivoted at 53 and '54 on sleeve 18, said feature allowing displacements of the jaws which is necessary in certain instances during the working of the wrench.

The shank has two grooves 55 and'56 to receive guiding flats 57 and 58 on jaw 4; there being a stop spring 59, located between jaw 4 and slot 56, in a small recess of flat 58.

For the remaining part, said wrench is of the same description as the construction of Figs. 8 and 9.

Having thus fully described my invention I claim:

1. A wrench comprising, in combination, a stationary jaw having a shank, guiding grooves and guiding ribs on said shank, a slidable jaw having ,a tapered cavity and guiding grooves for the said guiding ribs, a forklike member with a wedge-shaped end structure, said wedge structure entering the cavity of said jaw to block it in position, and means to force said member toward said jaw-cavity.

2. A wrench comprising, in combination,

a stationary jaw having a shank, guiding grooves and guiding ribs on said shank, a slid-ablej aw with a. tapered cavity and guiding grooves for said guiding ribs, a rack pivotally connected to said sliding jaw, a worm gearing with said rack and pivoted on said shank, a fork-like slider having wedgedends, and means to cause said slider to reciprocate on said shank.

3. A wrench comprising, in combination, a stationary jaw having a shank, guiding grooves and guiding ribs on said shank, a slidable jaw with a tapered fiat faced cavity and guiding grooves for said guiding ribs, a wedged fork-slider mounted on said shank, a rack connected to said sliding-jaw and slidably fitted on one side of said shank,

copies of this patent may be obtained for a worm gearing with said rack and pivoted on said shank, a screw-thread on the end of said shank, and internally threaded sleeve on said screw-thread, said sleeve carrying a handle and being rotatable but restrained against axial movement relative to the fork for forcing the fork into the sliding jaw cavity to block it in position. ,7

4. A wrench comprising, in combination,

a stationary jaw having a shank, guiding reciprocate on said shank.

5. A wrench comprising, in combination, a stationary jaw having a shank, a sliding j aw having a tapered cavity, a rack connected with said sliding-j aw, a worm gearing with said rack, a casing for the shank and having an enlarged portion at one end and two wedges at the other end, and means for moving said wedges along said shank including a socket carried by the casing, and a sleeve rotatable in said socket and operatively connected to the shank.

6. A wrench comprising a stationary jaw having a shank, a sliding jaw having a tapered cavity to receive the shank, wedges disposed upon the opposite edges of the shank adapted to work in the cavity, and means for actuating the wedges to lock the sliding jaw against movement.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

NERI MARTINI BERNARDI.

Witnesses:

GUY ARBELLE MANNUNI, S. C. LEONI.

five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, 1;. 0. 

